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20號鋼特種鋼板-碳素鋼/模具鋼系列
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[1]碳含量：低碳鋼一般小于0.25%；中碳鋼一般在0.25～0.60%之間；高碳鋼一般大于0.60%。鋼中除含有碳(C)元素和為脫氧而含有一定量硅(Si)(一般不超過0.40%),錳(Mn)(一般不超過0.80%,較高可到1.20%)合金元素外,不含其他合金元素(殘余元素除外)。通常把含碳量少于0.02%的叫熟鐵，大于2.11%到4.3%的叫生鐵，而中間的就是鋼。中文名標(biāo) 準(zhǔn)GB/T 699-2015含碳量0.2%類 目低碳鋼目錄1相關(guān)性能?特性?化學(xué)成分?力學(xué)性能2許用應(yīng)力3主要區(qū)別相關(guān)性能播報(bào)編輯特性（1）特性 該鋼屬于優(yōu)質(zhì)低碳碳素鋼，冷擠壓、滲碳淬硬鋼。該鋼強(qiáng)度低，韌性、塑性和焊接性均好。抗拉強(qiáng)度為253-500MPa，伸長率≥24%。20特性與15鋼基本相仿，但強(qiáng)度稍高。用途：適用于制造汽車、拖拉機(jī)及一般機(jī)械制造業(yè)中建造不太重要的中小型滲碳碳氮共滲等零件，如汽車上的手剎蹄片、杠桿軸、變速箱速叉、傳動被動齒輪及拖拉機(jī)上凸輪軸、懸掛均衡器軸、均衡器內(nèi)外襯套等；在熱軋或正火狀態(tài)下用于制造受力不大，而要求韌性高的各種機(jī)械零件；在重、中型機(jī)械制造業(yè)中，如鍛制或壓制的拉桿、鉤環(huán)、杠桿、套筒、夾具等。在汽輪機(jī)和鍋爐制造業(yè)中多用于壓力≤6N/平方，溫度≤450℃的非腐化介質(zhì)中工作的管子、法蘭、聯(lián)箱及各種緊固件；在鐵路、機(jī)車車輛上用于制造十字頭、活塞等鑄件。正火可促進(jìn)該鋼球化，細(xì)化大塊狀先共析鐵素體，改進(jìn)小于160HBS毛坯的切削性能。該鋼模具零件工藝路線為：下料→鍛造模坯→退火→機(jī)械粗加工→冷擠壓成型→再結(jié)晶退火→機(jī)械精加工→滲碳→淬火、回火→研磨拋光→裝配。（2）供貨狀態(tài)及硬度 未熱處理態(tài)，硬度≤156HBS。化學(xué)成分（3）標(biāo)準(zhǔn)JB/T 6057-92鋼的化學(xué)成分（質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)，%）CSiMnPSNiCrCu0.17~0.230.17~0.370.35~0.65≤0.035≤0.035≤0.30≤0.25≤0.25（4）參考對應(yīng)鋼號 我國GB/JB的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鋼號是20、我國臺灣CNS標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鋼號S20C、德國DIN標(biāo)準(zhǔn)材料編號1.0402、德國DIN標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鋼號CK22/C22、英國BS標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鋼號IC22、法國AFNOR標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鋼號CC20、法國NF標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鋼號C22、意大利UNI標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鋼號C20/C21、比利時(shí)NBN標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鋼號C25-1、瑞典SS標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鋼號1450、西班牙UNE標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鋼號F.112、美國AISI/SAE標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鋼號1020、日本JIS標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鋼號S20C/S22C。力學(xué)性能（5）相變點(diǎn)溫度（近似值）Ac1=735℃，Ac3=855℃，Ar3=835℃，Ar1=680℃（6）正火規(guī)范 溫度920~950℃，出爐空冷。硬度131~156HBS。（7）冷壓毛坯軟化處理規(guī)范 溫度700~720℃，保溫時(shí)間8~15h，再以50~100℃/h的冷速，隨爐降至溫度≤550~600℃，出爐空冷。處理前硬度≤143HBS，軟化后硬度≤131HBS。（8）淬火規(guī)范 溫度910℃±10℃，10%NaCl鹽水冷卻。(9)實(shí)測屈服強(qiáng)度fy=245Mpa，彈性模量E=206Gpa，泊松比ν=0.3。（10）抗剪強(qiáng)度275~392MPa,抗拉強(qiáng)度為253~500MPa，屈服強(qiáng)度為275MPa，延伸率為25%。（11）退火溫度只要600-650度，保溫時(shí)間在1-2h。許用應(yīng)力播報(bào)編輯在225℃下的許用應(yīng)力：(16－36mm)111-124MPa之間;(6-16mm)之間117－131MPa在100℃下的許用應(yīng)力：108MPa主要區(qū)別播報(bào)編輯兩種鋼材都屬于低碳鋼。從數(shù)據(jù)上來看，含碳量稍高一些，兩者的金相組織都是珠光體+鐵素體。反映到性能上的表現(xiàn)就是的抗拉強(qiáng)度和沖擊韌性稍高一些，基本上兩種鋼材沒有大的區(qū)別。兩種鋼材都淬不上火，熱處理工藝比較簡單，通常是毛坯直接切削加工或鍛造正火，用于不重要的結(jié)構(gòu)零件，連接件或沖壓件，或用做滲碳鋼使用。市面上好象沒發(fā)現(xiàn)有15號鋼，可以以替代。新手上路成長任務(wù)編輯入門編輯規(guī)則本人編輯我有疑問內(nèi)容質(zhì)疑在線客服官方貼吧意見反饋投訴建議舉報(bào)不良信息未通過詞條申訴投訴侵權(quán)信息封禁查詢與解封?2025?Baidu?使用百度前必讀?|?百科協(xié)議?|?隱私政策?|?百度百科合作平臺?|?京ICP證030173號?京公網(wǎng)安備11000002000001號window.PAGE_DATA= 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該鋼屬于優(yōu)質(zhì)低碳碳素鋼，冷擠壓、滲碳淬硬鋼。該鋼強(qiáng)度低，韌性、塑性和焊接性均好?？估瓘?qiáng)度為253-500MPa，伸長率≥24%。20特性與15鋼基本相仿，但強(qiáng)度稍高。用途：適用于制造汽車、拖拉機(jī)及一般機(jī)械制造業(yè)中建造不太重要的中小型滲碳碳氮共滲等零件，如汽車上的手剎蹄片、杠桿軸、變速箱速叉、傳動被動齒輪及拖拉機(jī)上凸輪軸、懸掛均衡器軸、均衡器內(nèi)外襯套等；在熱軋或正火狀態(tài)下用于制造受力不大，而要求韌性高的各種機(jī)械零件；在重、中型機(jī)械制造業(yè)中，如鍛制或壓制的拉桿、鉤環(huán)、杠桿、套筒、夾具等。在汽輪機(jī)和鍋爐制造業(yè)中多用于壓力≤6N/平方，溫度≤450℃的非腐化介質(zhì)中工作的管子、法蘭、聯(lián)箱及各種緊固件；在鐵路、機(jī)車車輛上用于制造十字頭、活塞等鑄件。正火可促進(jìn)該鋼球化，細(xì)化大塊狀先共析鐵素，改進(jìn)小于160HBS毛坯的切削性能。該鋼模具零件工藝路線為：下料→鍛造模坯→退火→機(jī)械粗加工→冷擠壓成型→再結(jié)晶退火→機(jī)械精加工→滲碳→淬火、回火→研磨拋光→裝配。（2）供貨狀態(tài)及硬度 未熱處理態(tài)，硬度≤156HBS?；瘜W(xué)成分：（3）標(biāo)準(zhǔn)JB/T 6057-92鋼的化學(xué)成分（質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)，%）CSiMnPSNiCrCu0.17~0.230.17~0.370.35~0.65≤0.035≤0.035≤0.30≤0.25≤0.25（4）參考對應(yīng)鋼號 我國GB/JB的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鋼號是20、我國臺灣CNS標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鋼號S20C、德國DIN標(biāo)準(zhǔn)材料編號1.0402、德國DIN標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鋼號CK22/C22、英國BS標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鋼號IC22、法國AFNOR標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鋼號CC20、法國NF標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鋼號C22、意大利UNI標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鋼號C20/C21、比利時(shí)NBN標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鋼號C25-1、瑞典SS標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鋼號1450、西班牙UNE標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鋼號F.112、美國AISI/SAE標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鋼號1020、日本JIS標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鋼號S20C/S22C。力學(xué)性能：（5）相變點(diǎn)溫度（近似值）Ac1=735℃，Ac3=855℃，Ar3=835℃，Ar1=680℃（6）正火規(guī)范 溫度920~950℃，出爐空冷。硬度131~156HBS。（7）冷壓毛坯軟化處理規(guī)范 溫度700~720℃，保溫時(shí)間8~15h，再以50~100℃/h的冷速，隨爐降至溫度≤550~600℃，出爐空冷。處理前硬度≤143HBS，軟化后硬度≤131HBS。（8）淬火規(guī)范 溫度910℃±10℃，10%NaCl鹽水冷卻。(9)實(shí)測屈服強(qiáng)度fy=245Mpa，彈性模量E=206Gpa，泊松比ν=0.3。（10）抗剪強(qiáng)度275~392MPa,抗拉強(qiáng)度為253~500MPa，屈服強(qiáng)度為275MPa，延伸率為25%。（11）退火溫度只要600-650度，保溫時(shí)間在1-2h。
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